A review of theoretical studies on indirect reciprocity
I Okada - Games, 2020 - mdpi.com
Despite the accumulation of research on indirect reciprocity over the past 30 years and the
publication of over 100,000 related papers, there are still many issues to be addressed …
publication of over 100,000 related papers, there are still many issues to be addressed …
A unified framework of direct and indirect reciprocity
Direct and indirect reciprocity are key mechanisms for the evolution of cooperation. Direct
reciprocity means that individuals use their own experience to decide whether to cooperate …
reciprocity means that individuals use their own experience to decide whether to cooperate …
Quantitative assessment can stabilize indirect reciprocity under imperfect information
The field of indirect reciprocity investigates how social norms can foster cooperation when
individuals continuously monitor and assess each other's social interactions. By adhering to …
individuals continuously monitor and assess each other's social interactions. By adhering to …
Two ways to overcome the three social dilemmas of indirect reciprocity
I Okada - Scientific reports, 2020 - nature.com
Indirect reciprocity is one of the main principles of evolving cooperation in a social dilemma
situation. In reciprocity, a positive score is given to cooperative behaviour while a negative …
situation. In reciprocity, a positive score is given to cooperative behaviour while a negative …
Justified defection is neither justified nor unjustified in indirect reciprocity
Indirect reciprocity is one of the major mechanisms in the evolution of human cooperation. In
indirect reciprocity, social norms with which individuals distinguish good people from bad …
indirect reciprocity, social norms with which individuals distinguish good people from bad …
Norms prioritizing positive assessments are likely to maintain cooperation in private indirect reciprocity
I Okada, H De Silva - Scientific Reports, 2024 - nature.com
Exploring the evolutionary mechanisms of cooperation in societies where reputational
consensus cannot be assumed, as in divided societies, is important for understanding the …
consensus cannot be assumed, as in divided societies, is important for understanding the …
Individuals reciprocate negative actions revealing negative upstream reciprocity
Indirect reciprocity is widely recognized as a mechanism for explaining cooperation and can
be divided into two sub-concepts: downstream and upstream reciprocity. Downstream …
be divided into two sub-concepts: downstream and upstream reciprocity. Downstream …
Reputation-based asymmetric comparison of fitness promotes cooperation on complex networks
Z Zhang, Y Wu, S Zhang - Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its …, 2022 - Elsevier
Reputation is elaborated in society and has a great effect on individual fitness, under which
each player acquires a special fitness. An asymmetric comparison will appear when players …
each player acquires a special fitness. An asymmetric comparison will appear when players …
The Evolution of Cooperation and Diversity under Integrated Indirect Reciprocity
Indirect reciprocity is one of the major mechanisms driving the evolution of cooperation in
human societies. There are two types of indirect reciprocity: upstream and downstream …
human societies. There are two types of indirect reciprocity: upstream and downstream …
Exploring norms indispensable for both emergence and maintenance of cooperation in indirect reciprocity
Indirect reciprocity is one of the major mechanisms of the evolution of human cooperation. In
indirect reciprocity, social norms with which individuals distinguish good people from bad …
indirect reciprocity, social norms with which individuals distinguish good people from bad …