As evidenced through classic Pavlovian learning mechanisms, environmental cues can
become incentivized and influence behavior. These stimulus-outcome associations are …

An increasing emphasis has been placed on the development and use of animal models of
addiction that capture defining features of human drug addiction, including escalation/binge …

Drug addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder with grave personal consequences that has an
extraordinary global economic impact. Despite decades of research, the options available to …

Drug self-administration models of addiction typically require animals to make the same
response (eg, a lever-press or nose-poke) over and over to procure and take drugs. By their …

In rats, continuous cocaine access during long self‐administration sessions (6 versus 1–2
hours) promotes the development of behavioral symptoms of addiction. This has led to the …

A key question in addiction research concerns how, in some individuals, initial recreational
or casual patterns of drug use may change brain and psychological function in ways that …

Cognitive-motivational styles describe predominant patterns of processing or biases that
broadly influence human cognition and performance. Here we focus on the impact of …

Stimuli associated with taking drugs are notorious instigators of relapse. There is, however,
considerable variation in the motivational properties of such stimuli, both as a function of the …

Rationale Taking high and increasing amounts of cocaine is thought to be necessary for the
development of addiction. Consequently, a widely used animal model of drug self …

Sprague Dawley (SD) rats are among the most widely used outbred laboratory rat
populations. Despite this, the genetic characteristics of SD rats have not been clearly …