Whether during past climate stages or into a progressively warming world, changes in
precipitation constitute a key component of climatic change. Quantitative proxies for palaeo …

The Asian monsoons are triggered by complex interactions between the atmosphere, Asian
and African orography, and the surrounding oceans, resulting in highly seasonal climate …

Carbonate minerals contain stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen with different masses
whose abundances and bond arrangement are governed by thermodynamics. The clumped …

Paleosols are ancient soils that have been incorporated into the geological record. Soils
form in response to interactions among the lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and …

The Asian monsoon variations under global temperature changes during the Pliocene are
still debated. Here we use a sedimentary record of phytoliths (plant silica) from the Weihe …

Soil carbonates are important paleoclimate archives, but interpretations of their isotopic
compositions (δ 18 O, δ 13 C, and Δ 47) are hampered by uncertainty in the annual timing of …

In parallel with pronounced cooling in the oceans, vast areas of the continents experienced
enhanced aridification and restructuring of vegetation and animal communities during the …

Reconstructing the thermal history of minerals and fluids in continental environments is a
cornerstone of tectonics research. Paleotemperature constraints from carbonate clumped …

The shells of marine mollusks are widely used archives of past climate and ocean chemistry.
Whilst the measurement of mollusk δ 18 O to develop records of past climate change is a …

Quantifying ancient atmospheric p CO2 provides valuable insights into the interplay
between greenhouse gases and global climate. Beyond the 800-ky history uncovered by ice …