Abstract The Java Modeling Language (JML) can be used to specify the detailed design of
Java classes and interfaces by adding annotations to Java source files. The aim of JML is to …

The Java Modeling Language (JML) can be used to specify the detailed design of Java
classes and interfaces by adding annotations to Java source files. The aim of JML is to …

Quick Check is a tool which aids the Haskell programmer in formulating and testing
properties of programs. Properties are described as Haskell functions, and can be …

Interacting with objects often requires following a protocol---for instance, a specific sequence
of method calls. These protocols are not always documented, and violations can lead to …

QuickCheck is a tool which aids the Haskell programmer in formulating and testing
properties of programs. Properties are discribed as Haskell functions, and can be …

Software testing depends on effective oracles. Implicit oracles, such as checks for program
crashes, are widely applicable but narrow in scope. Oracles based on formal specifications …

This article describes a new approach to the unit testing of object-oriented programs, a set of
tools based on this approach, and two case studies. In this approach, each test case …

Test suites should test exceptional behavior to detect faults in error-handling code. However,
manually-written test suites tend to neglect exceptional behavior. Automatically-generated …

A caller must satisfy the callee's precondition—that is, reach a state in which the callee may
be called. Preconditions describe the state that needs to be reached, but not how to reach it …

Test designers widely believe that the overall effectiveness and cost of software testing
depends largely on the type and number of test cases executed on the software. This article …