Biological processes that drive cell growth are exciting targets for cancer therapy. The
fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling network plays a ubiquitous role in normal cell …

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control a wide variety of processes in multicellular
organisms, including proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival. Their activity is …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, accounting for
an estimated 600,000 deaths annually. Aberrant methylation, consisting of DNA …

The extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase
signaling pathway plays an important role in various cellular responses, including cell …

Sprouty proteins are evolutionarily conserved modulators of MAPK/ERK pathway. Through
interacting with an increasing number of effectors, mediators, and regulators with ultimate …

Cataract is a common age-related condition that is caused by progressive clouding of the
normally clear lens. Cataract can be effectively treated by surgery; however, like any …

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) comprise a subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases
(RTKs) that are master regulators of a broad spectrum of cellular and developmental …

The Sprouty proteins are increasingly being recognized to be deregulated in various types
of cancers. This deregulation is often associated with aberrant signaling of receptor tyrosine …

One of the main problems with the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer is that, despite an
initial positive response, the majority of patients develop resistance and progress. In …

Somatic activation of Ras occurs frequently in human cancers, including one-third of lung
cancers. Activating Ras mutations also occur in the germline, leading to complex …