Stochastic thermodynamics as reviewed here systematically provides a framework for
extending the notions of classical thermodynamics such as work, heat and entropy …

The reason we never observe violations of the second law of thermodynamics is a matter of
statistics: When very many degrees of freedom are involved, the odds are overwhelmingly …

Fluctuation theorems (FTs), which describe some universal properties of nonequilibrium
fluctuations, are examined from a quantum perspective and derived by introducing a two …

The theory of large deviations is concerned with the exponential decay of probabilities of
large fluctuations in random systems. These probabilities are important in many fields of …

For stochastic nonequilibrium dynamics like a Langevin equation for a colloidal particle or a
master equation for discrete states, entropy production along a single trajectory is studied. It …

A general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics is presented for open systems
exchanging energy and particles with multiple reservoirs. By introducing a partition in terms …

Stochastic thermodynamics provides a framework for describing small systems like colloids
or biomolecules driven out of equilibrium but still in contact with a heat bath. Both, a first-law …

We propose a formulation of stochastic thermodynamics for systems subjected to
nonequilibrium constraints (ie broken detailed balance at steady state) and furthermore …

Entropy production is the hallmark of nonequilibrium physics, quantifying irreversibility,
dissipation, and the efficiency of energy transduction processes. Despite many efforts, its …

We review the concept of dynamical ensembles in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics as
specified from an action functional or Lagrangian on spacetime. There, under local detailed …