Despite nearly three decades of advances in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a
substantial minority of patients are exposed to multiple DMARDs without necessarily …

An autoimmune disease is defined as a clinical syndrome resulted from an instigation of
both T cell and B cell or individually, in the absence of any present infection or any sort of …

Rheumatoid factors are antibodies directed against the Fc region of immunoglobulin G. First
detected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 70 years ago, they can also be found in …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease mainly involving
synovial inflammation and articular bone destruction. RA is a heterogeneous disease with …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disease affecting 0.5 to 1% of
adults worldwide and frequently leads to joint destruction and disability. Early diagnosis and …

Measurement of two groups of autoantibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated
protein/peptide antibodies (ACPA) have gained increasing significance in the diagnosis and …

Objectives RF and ACPA are used as diagnostic tools and their presence has been
associated with clinical response to some biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) in RA. This study …

Autoimmune diseases are a complex set of diseases characterized by immune system
activation and, although many progresses have been done in the last 15 years, several …

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune syndrome presenting with chronic inflammation of
the joints. Patients with the same diagnosis can present with different phenotypes. In some …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly heterogeneous syndrome in terms of clinical
presentation, progression, and response to therapy. In such a complicated context, the …