Brain organoids are self-assembled three-dimensional aggregates generated from
pluripotent stem cells with cell types and cytoarchitectures that resemble the embryonic …

Disorders of the nervous system are challenging to study and treat due to the relative
inaccessibility of functional human brain tissue for research. Stem cell-derived 3D human …

The mammalian prefrontal cortex comprises a set of highly specialized brain areas
containing billions of cells and serves as the centre of the highest-order cognitive functions …

Radial glia, the neural stem cells of the neocortex, are located in two niches: the ventricular
zone and outer subventricular zone. Although outer subventricular zone radial glia may …

The biology of the human brain, and in particular the dynamic interactions between the
numerous cell types and regions of the central nervous system, has been difficult to study …

The neocortex is the seat of higher cognitive functions and, in evolutionary terms, is the
youngest part of the mammalian brain. Since its origin, the neocortex has expanded in …

The size and extent of folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex are important factors that
influence a species' cognitive abilities and sensorimotor skills. Studies in various animal …

Human neocortex expansion likely contributed to the remarkable cognitive abilities of
humans. This expansion is thought to primarily reflect differences in proliferation versus …

Larger brains tend to have more folded cortices, but what makes the cortex fold has
remained unknown. We show that the degree of cortical folding scales uniformly across …

The convolutions of the mammalian cerebral cortex allow the enlargement of its surface and
addition of novel functional areas during evolution while minimizing expansion of the …