Lichens are widely acknowledged to be a key component of high latitude ecosystems.
However, the time investment needed for full inventories and the lack of taxonomic …

Large-scale decline in populations of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) are occurring
throughout Europe due to the invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. This has grave …

Lichen symbioses are thought to be stabilized by the transfer of fixed carbon from a
photosynthesizing symbiont to a fungus. In other fungal symbioses, carbohydrate subsidies …

This purpose of this paper is to review and evaluate published literature on the biology and
chemistry of lichens and their ecological, ethnopharmacological, pharmaceutical and …

Understanding the origins of diversity and the factors that drive some clades to be more
diverse than others are important issues in evolutionary biology. Sophisticated SSE (state …

Climatic factors, soil chemistry and geography are considered as major factors affecting
lichen distribution and diversity. To determine how these factors limit or support the …

Neotropical mountain forests are characterized by having hyperdiverse and unusual fungi
inhabiting lichens. The great majority of these lichenicolous fungi (ie, detectable by light …

The impacts of disturbance on biodiversity and distributions have been studied in many
systems. Yet, comparatively less is known about how lichens–obligate symbiotic organisms …

Natural spruce forests are restricted to the highest mountain ranges in the Czech Republic.
Spruce is also the commonest tree species in managed forests. Owing to a massive decline …

Lichens have a vital role in forest ecosystems and they are a threatened group in boreal
forests. However, the conservation ecology of the total lichen community has very rarely …