Internal models are neural mechanisms that can mimic the input-output or output-input
properties of the motor apparatus and external objects. Forward internal models predict …

Internal models and adaptive controls are empirical and mathematical paradigms that have
evolved separately to describe learning control processes in brain systems and engineering …

In The Intelligent Movement Machine: An Ethological Perspective on the Primate Motor
System, Michael Graziano offers a fundamentally new theory of motor cortex organization …

Background Most motor learning theories posit that proprioceptive sensation serves an
important role in acquiring and performing movement patterns. However, we recently …

A fundamental challenge for maintaining spatial orientation and interacting with the world is
knowledge of our orientation relative to gravity, ie, head tilt. Sensing gravity is complicated …

Intercepting and avoiding collisions with moving targets are crucial skills for survival.
However, little is known about how these behaviors are implemented when the trajectory of …

Orienting one's gaze towards a peripheral target is usually composed of a hypometric
primary saccade followed by a secondary 'corrective saccade'triggered automatically …

It is known that proprioceptive signals from muscles, joints, and skin are involved in the
execution of aimed arm movements, but their role in the acquisition of new motor behaviour …

The posterior parietal cortex is situated between visual and motor areas and supports
coordinated visually guided behavior. Area LIP in the intraparietal sulcus contains …

The ability to adjust movements to changes in the environment declines with aging. This age-
related decline is caused by the decline of explicit adjustments. However, implicit adaptation …