Several minerals are required for life to exist. In animals, 7 elements (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Cl,
and S) are required to be present in the diet in fairly large amounts (grams to tens of grams …

Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) are microelements essential for the proper functioning
of living organisms. These elements participatein many processes, including cellular …

Iron and calcium are two essential micronutrients that have strong effects on nutrition and
human health because of their involvement in several biological and redox processes. Iron …

Multi-copper oxidases (MCOs) are a small group of enzymes that oxidize their substrate with
the concomitant reduction of dioxygen to two water molecules. Generally, multi-copper …

Anemia of chronic diseases is a condition that accompanies a specific underlying disease,
in which there is a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte counts due to a …

Anemia is a multifactorial condition; approaches to address it must recognize that the causal
factors represent an ecology consisting of internal (biology, genetics, and health) and …

Abstract Purpose of Review Exposure to environmental metals, like lead (Pb), manganese
(Mn), and methylmercury (Me-Hg), has consistently been implicated in neurodevelopmental …

Iron is known as an essential nutrient in the human body. Insufficient iron uptake is easy to
result in iron deficiency anemia, which is a public health problem in both developing and …

Background Recent studies are suggesting a U-shaped relationship between antenatal iron
exposure and birth outcomes. Little is known about the iron status and associated birth …

Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products,
Nutrition and Allergies derived Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for iron. These include …