Current large language models (LLMs) rely on word prediction as their backbone pretraining
task. Although word prediction is an important mechanism underlying language processing …

Computational advancements in the last couple of decades have brought forth a new era of
international large-scale assessments (ILSAs) in which the administration of computer …

Post-secondary data literacy education is critical to students' academic and career success.
However, the literature has not adequately addressed the conceptualization and …

Currently, interactive systems use physiological sensing to enable advanced functionalities.
While eye tracking is a promising means to understand the user, eye tracking data inherently …

Thematic map analysis is a complex and challenging task that might result in map user
failure for many reasons. In the study reported here, we wanted to search for differences …

Streets have different forms that are not defined only by their partitions, furniture, and width,
but also by their edges as vital features of their spatiality. The relationship between a street …

Complex Word Identification (CWI) aims to detect words within a text that a reader may find
difficult to understand. It has been shown that CWI systems can improve text simplification …

Reading comprehension is a fundamental skill to be developed from the early stages of
reading acquisition and it is essential for both formative and personal learning. This study …

This paper reports on a pilot study that used eye tracking techniques to make detailed
observations of item response processes in the OECD Programme for the International …

Despite decades of research on the close link between eye movements and human
cognitive processes, the exact nature of the link between eye movements and deliberative …