The β-lactams retain a central place in the antibacterial armamentarium. In Gram-negative
bacteria, β-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze the amide bond of the four-membered β …

BACKGROUND Conformational changes are essential for the correct functioning of
biological macromolecules. Time-resolved x-ray crystallography extends an extremely …

To advance microfluidic integration, we present the use of two-photon additive
manufacturing to fold 2D channel layouts into compact free-form 3D fluidic circuits with …

Highlights•Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (tr-SFX) probes structure and
function in each sample.•X-ray free electron lasers (XFELS) provide atomic and electronic …

The development and application of the free-electron X-ray laser (XFEL) to structure and
dynamics in biology since its inception in 2009 are reviewed. The research opportunities …

Abstract The European XFEL (EuXFEL) is a 3.4-km long X-ray source, which produces
femtosecond, ultrabrilliant and spatially coherent X-ray pulses at megahertz (MHz) repetition …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

Background Ever since the first atomic structure of an enzyme was solved, the discovery of
the mechanism and dynamics of reactions catalyzed by biomolecules has been the key goal …

Here, we illustrate what happens inside the catalytic cleft of an enzyme when substrate or
ligand binds on single-millisecond timescales. The initial phase of the enzymatic cycle is …

X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) have the potential to revolutionize macromolecular
structural biology due to the unique combination of spatial coherence, extreme peak …