Abstract The European Union (EU) began developing climate policy in the 1990s. Since
then, it has built up a broad portfolio of mitigation policy measures and governance tools …

Material is an inseparable entity for humans to serve different purposes. However, synthetic
polymers represent a major category of anthropogenic pollutants with detrimental impacts …

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant challenges for energy transition. Concerns
about the overwhelming emphasis on economic recovery at the cost of energy transition …

Excessive emissions of greenhouse gases—of which carbon dioxide is the most significant
component, are regarded as the primary reason for increased concentration of atmospheric …

A growing scholarship argues that decarbonization cannot be achieved with single
instruments like carbon pricing alone. A broader mix of reinforcing policies is required. This …

The EU has demonstrated increasing commitment to combating climate change. In
December 2019, the European Commission published the European Green Deal (EGD)–an …

Since the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015, spurred by the 2018 IPCC Special
Report on Global Warming of 1.5° C, net zero emission targets have emerged as a new …

This article analyses the development of the mix of EU climate policy instruments and the
level of climate policy integration (CPI) in the twenty-first century. Complementing …

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the environmental repercussions of a
booming economy, fossil fuel, renewable energy, globalisation, technological innovation …

The EU has long pursued relatively ambitious climate and energy policies, often against the
backdrop of what has been termed the EU 'polycrisis'. This paper introduces a special issue …