Recent studies show the designs of automated systems are becoming increasingly complex
to meet the global competitive market. Additionally, organizations have focused on policies …

Because of existing uncertainties and non-linearity characteristics of wastewater plants,
highly affected by the state of the bacteria involved in each stage, their real-time control must …

Risk evaluation and management are important stages in the design and maintenance of all
industrial plants, especially in the oil and gas, power or nuclear fields. As current methods …

In this paper we present the degrees of integration for process control and safety systems,
based in OPC standards. In the second section we describe the OPC standards that have …

Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) have greatly developed from the desire to reduce the
number of accidents in industrial plants as much as possible. SIS are typically designed and …

In the current modern and industry-based society, automation is the key to success. The
technology has changed over the last decades towards full control systems. Requirement …

Most of industrial environments share the need for a higher-level decision and control
system to improve and optimize plant operation. Different research projects have been …

The main motivation and the driving force behind the Control Strateg strategy is the need to
respond to the main drawbacks related to the efficient control and risk management of safety …

Process plant placed in the field involve sometimes quick decisions in order to avoid hazard
or malfunctioning processes. In these cases, the GSM communication support is not a …

We live in a modern industry based society where automation undoubtedly is the key for
success. The technology has been changing over the last decades towards full control …