The current opioid epidemic is one of the most severe public health crisis in US history.
Responding to it has been difficult due to its rapidly changing nature and the severity of its …

Background Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders with a complex etiology
involving transactions among sociocultural, psychological, and biological influences. Most …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of complex multifactorial neurodevelopmental
disorders characterized by a wide and variable set of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including …

In many circumstances alternative courses of action and thoughts have to be inhibited to
allow the emergence of goal-directed behavior. However, this has not been the accepted …

Anxiety disorders constitute a sizeable worldwide health burden with profound social and
economic consequences. The symptoms are wide-ranging; from hyperarousal to difficulties …

Drug addiction and obesity appear to share several properties. Both can be defined as
disorders in which the saliency of a specific type of reward (food or drug) becomes …

The ability to resist the urge to eat requires the proper functioning of neuronal circuits
involved in top-down control to oppose the conditioned responses that predict reward from …

Background: Several behaviors, besides psychoactive substance ingestion, produce short-
term reward that may engender persistent behavior, despite knowledge of adverse …

Impulsivity and compulsivity represent useful conceptualizations that involve dissociable
cognitive functions, which are mediated by neuroanatomically and neurochemically distinct …

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has long been associated with the flexible control of behavior
and concepts such as behavioral inhibition, self-control, and emotional regulation. These …