The ionic gradients across cell membranes generate a transmembrane voltage that
regulates the function of numerous membrane proteins such as ion channels, transporters …

Eukaryotic voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels contribute to the rising phase of action
potentials and served as an early muse for biophysicists laying the foundation for our current …

Unmodified neurons can be directly stimulated with light to produce action potentials, but
such techniques have lacked localization of the delivered light energy. Here we show that …

Voltage-activated sodium (Nav) channels are crucial for the generation and propagation of
nerve impulses, and as such are widely targeted by toxins and drugs. The four voltage …

Peptide toxins with high affinity, divergent pharmacological functions, and isoform-specific
selectivity are powerful tools for investigating the structure-function relationships of voltage …

This retrospective on the voltage‐sensing mechanisms and gating models of ion channels
begins in 1952 with the charged gating particles postulated by Hodgkin and Huxley, viewed …

Voltage-activated sodium (Nav) channels are essential in generating and propagating nerve
impulses, placing them amongst the most widely targeted ion channels by toxins from …

We celebrate this year the 50th anniversary of the first electrophysiological recordings of the
gating currents from voltage-dependent ion channels done in 1973. This retrospective tries …

The Buthidae family of scorpions consists of arthropods with significant medical relevance,
as their venom contains a diverse range of biomolecules, including neurotoxins that …

Voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) channels comprise a macromolecular complex whose
components tailor channel function. Key components are the non-covalently bound β1 and …