Despite the accumulation of research on indirect reciprocity over the past 30 years and the
publication of over 100,000 related papers, there are still many issues to be addressed …

The loyalty program (LP) is a marketing campaign designed to encourage customer loyalty
by rewarding them. Motivated by extensively applied LP in real society, we propose a public …

Mechanisms and conditions for the spontaneous emergence of cooperation in multi-player
social dilemma games remain an open question. This paper focuses on stochastic …

Social capital is an important but often overlooked intangible resource. Unlike other ways of
matching donations, we try to match the social capital contributed by individuals in Internet …

Despite intensive studies on the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods games,
there have been few investigations into locality effects in interaction games, adaptation, and …

Abstract Consumer-Generated Media (CGM) are useful for sharing information, but
information does not come without cost. Incentives to discourage free riding (receiving …

This study aims to analyze the structure of the emergence and maintenance of the cartel
mechanism as an informal organization and the measures to deter bid-rigging. We propose …

Cooperative behaviour among people facing social dilemmas remains an unsolved puzzle.
Sanction systems such as punishment and reward are well-known solutions to social …

Although the two-player donor–recipient game has been used extensively in studying
cooperation in social dilemmas, the scenario in which a donor can simultaneously donate …

Self-organization of cooperative behavior has been particularly interesting especially in
communities where selfishness dominates more than social cooperativeness. These …