The realization of Bose Einstein condensates (BEC) and quantum degenerate Fermi gases
with cold atoms has been a highlight of quantum physics during the past decade. Cold …

This paper reviews recent experimental and theoretical progress concerning many-body
phenomena in dilute, ultracold gases. It focuses on effects beyond standard weak-coupling …

The reliable detection of single quantum particles has revolutionized the field of quantum
optics and quantum information processing. For several years, researchers have aspired to …

The formation of strongly correlated fermion pairs is fundamental for the emergence of
fermionic superfluidity and superconductivity. For instance, Cooper pairs made of two …

Quantum gases in optical lattices offer an opportunity to experimentally realize and explore
condensed matter models in a clean, tunable system. We used single atom–single lattice …

The many-body physics at quantum phase transitions shows a subtle interplay between
quantum and thermal fluctuations, emerging in the low-temperature limit. In this review, we …

The fermionic Hubbard model plays a fundamental role in the description of strongly
correlated materials. We have realized this Hamiltonian in a repulsively interacting spin …

We use a two-photon dressing field to create an effective vector gauge potential for Bose-
Einstein-condensed Rb 87 atoms in the F= 1 hyperfine ground state. These Raman-dressed …

At nanokelvin temperatures, ultracold quantum gases can be stored in optical lattices, which
are arrays of microscopic trapping potentials formed by laser light. Such large arrays of …

Tunnelling of material particles through a classically impenetrable barrier constitutes one of
the hallmark effects of quantum physics. When interactions between the particles compete …