Blood vessels form a versatile transport network that is best known for its critical roles in
processes such as tissue oxygenation, metabolism and immune surveillance. The …

For the past two decades, the function of intrabony nerves on bone has been a subject of
intense research, while the function of bone on intrabony nerves is still hidden in the corner …

Background Osteoporosis medications increase bone-mineral density (BMD) and lower but
do not eliminate fracture risk. The combining of anabolic agents with bisphosphonates has …

The complex pathogenesis of osteoporosis includes excessive bone resorption, insufficient
bone formation and inadequate vascularization, a combination which is difficult to …

Accumulating research has shed light on the significance of skeletal interoception, in
maintaining physiological and metabolic homeostasis related to bone health. This review …

The intervertebral disc (IVD) acts as a fibrocartilaginous joint to anchor adjacent vertebrae.
Although several studies have demonstrated the cellular heterogeneity of adult mature IVDs …

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has become a hopeful potential treatment strategy for large
bone defects, including bone tumors, trauma, and extensive fractures, where the self-healing …

Angiogenesis and osteogenesis are coupled. However, the cellular and molecular
regulation of these processes remains to be further investigated. Both tissues have recently …

The clinical treatment of critical bone defects presents a great challenge, and distraction
osteogenesis (DO) emerges as a highly effective strategy. However, prolonged …

Bone secretory proteins, termed osteokines, regulate bone metabolism and whole-body
homeostasis. However, fundamental questions as to what the bona fide osteokines and their …