Current pain therapeutics offer inadequate relief to patients with chronic pain. A growing
literature supports that pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling between immune, glial, and …

Vastly stimulated by the discovery of opioid receptors in the early 1970s, preclinical and
clinical research was directed at the study of stereoselective neuronal actions of opioids …

For 2 weeks following surgery, 55 patients with preexisting chronic pain (CP) reported daily
postoperative pain with movement and at rest. Of these, 30 CP patients used opioid …

Opioids have become the unequivocal therapy of choice in treating many varieties of chronic
pain. With the increased prescription of opioids, some unintended consequences have …

Despite being the mainstay of pain management, opioids are limited in their clinical utility by
adverse effects, such as tolerance and paradoxical hyperalgesia. Research of the past 15 …

While opioids remain a valid and effective analgesic strategy for patients suffering from a
wide variety of painful conditions, they are not a panacea. Increasingly, physicians must …

Chronic opioid therapy (COT) for chronic non-cancer pain is frequently debated, and its
effectiveness is unproven in sickle cell disease (SCD). The authors conducted a descriptive …

Narcotic bowel syndrome is characterised by worsening abdominal pain in the context of
escalating or continuous opioid therapy. Although narcotic bowel syndrome is rarely …

Rationale Once dependent on alcohol or opioids, negative affect may accompany
withdrawal. Dependent individuals are hypothesized to “self-medicate” in order to cope with …

This paper is the thirty-third consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2010 …