Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a gram-negative bacillus and resident of the normal intestinal
microbiota. However, some E. coli strains can cause diseases in humans, other mammals …

Background Anthocyanins are a kind of flavonoids and natural water-soluble pigments,
which endow fruits, vegetables, and plants with multiple colors. They are important source of …

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of Aronia
melanocarpa anthocyanins (AMAs) against Escherichia coli. AMAs displayed strong …

Infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause outbreaks of severe
diarrheal disease in children and the elderly around the world. The severe complications …

Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs),
which contain numerous active substances. EVs mediate bacterial interactions with their …

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale proteoliposomes secreted from the cell
envelope of all Gram-negative bacteria. Originally considered as an artifact of the cell wall …

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) were isolated from an Acinetobacter strain deficient in
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) due to a mutation in lpxD (IB010). Two immunizations with 10 µg …

Abstract Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria can secrete outer membrane
vesicles (OMVs) in their growth and metabolism process. Originally, OMVs were considered …

Pathogenic Escherichia coli are known to be a common cause of diarrheal disease and a
frequently occurring bacterial infection in children and adults in Latin America. Despite the …

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanostructures derived from the outer membrane of
Gram-negative bacteria. We previously demonstrated that vaccination with endotoxin-free …