Calcium and magnesium, both divalent cations, are critical for appropriate function of many
processes in the human body, including of the neurologic and cardiovascular systems …

Methods: A total of 107 medical records of patients who underwent surgery for primary
hyperparathyroidism were reviewed from August 2018 to December 2021. Patients that …

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a key role in the regulation of calcium homeostasis. It is
secreted by a pair of parathyroid glands located behind the thyroid gland. Primary …

Hypercalcemia is a common electrolyte abnormality with different causes. Hypercalcemia is
most often associated with malignancy and primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy …

Bisphosphonates are widely used for a number of metabolic bone conditions. Orbital
inflammation is a very rare side effect of bisphosphonate therapy that can risk permanent …

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a very rare head-neck malignancy. Because the symptoms of
parathyroid carcinoma are similar to those of benign causes of hyperparathyroidism, it may …

Methods Medical records of patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism were
reviewed from January 2015 to December 2020. Intra-operative findings were compared …

Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by solitary parathyroid adenomas (PTAs) in most
cases (⁓ 85%), and it has been previously reported that PTAs are associated with …

Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) was initially thought to be rare and always presenting with
advanced renal and skeletal pathology. Nowadays, it is considered a common endocrine …

O hiperparatiroidismo primário (HPTP) é uma endocrinopatia multissistémica caracterizada
por manifestações esqueléticas, renais, gastrointestinais, neurológicas e psiquiátricas. As …