The human microbiome constitutes a complex multikingdom community that symbiotically
interacts with the host across multiple body sites. Host-microbiome interactions impact …

Several immune and immunocompetent cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages,
adipocytes, natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells, are significantly correlated with the …

In the past decade, bacteria‐based cancer immunotherapy has attracted much attention in
the academic circle due to its unique mechanism and abundant applications in triggering the …

Recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have once again raised the hope
that a cure might be within reach for many cancer types. Yet, most late-stage cancers are …

Recent advances in cancer therapeutics, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy,
have raised the hope for cures for many cancer types. However, there are still ongoing …

Within a tumor, IL-1β is produced and secreted by various cell types, such as immune cells,
fibroblasts, or cancer cells. The IL1B gene is induced after “priming” of the cells and a …

Gram-negative bacteria actively secrete outer membrane vesicles, spherical nano-meter-
sized proteolipids enriched with outer membrane proteins, to the surroundings. Outer …

We report a method of cancer immunotherapy using an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium
strain engineered to secrete Vibrio vulnificus flagellin B (FlaB) in tumor tissues. Engineered …

The three-signal paradigm tries to capture how the innate immune system instructs adaptive
immune responses in three well-defined actions:(1) presentation of antigenic peptides in the …

The application of bacteria and bacteria-derived membrane vesicles (MVs) has promising
potential to make a great impact on the development of controllable targeted drug delivery …