The rate of reproduction, age at maturity and longevity vary widely among species. Most of
this life-history variation falls on a slow-fast continuum, with low reproductive rate, slow …

ABSTRACT A common, long‐held belief is that metabolic rate drives the rates of various
biological, ecological and evolutionary processes. Although this metabolic pacemaker view …

The Flexible Phenotype attempts a true synthesis of physiology, behaviour, and ecology by
developing an empirical argument that describes the intimate connections between …

Life-history trade-offs between components of fitness arise because reproduction entails
both gains and costs. Costs of reproduction can be divided into ecological and physiological …

The role of energy in ecological processes has hitherto been considered primarily from the
standpoint that energy supply is limited. That is, traditional resource‐based ecological and …

Why are sustained energy budgets of humans and other vertebrates limited to not more than
about seven times resting metabolic rate? The answer to this question has potential …

Organ structures and correlated metabolic features (eg metabolic rate) have often taken as
fixed attributes of fully grown individual vertebrates. When measurements of these attributes …

The limits on maximum sustained energy expenditure are unclear but are of interest
because they constrain reproduction, thermoregulation, and physical activity. Here, we show …

Life‐history theory assumes that reproduction and lifespan are constrained by trade‐offs
which prevent their simultaneous increase. Recently, there has been considerable interest …

Ecologists have always believed, at least to a certain extent, that physiological mechanisms
serve to underpin ecological patterns. However, their importance has traditionally been at …