The proboscis extension reflex (PER) is widely used in a classical conditioning (Pavlovian)
context to evaluate learning and memory of a variety of insect species. The literature is …

Olfactory learning and floral scents are co-adaptive traits in the plant–pollinator relationship.
However, how scent relates to cognition and learning in the diverse group of Neotropical …

Acute ethanol administration is associated with sedation and analgesia as well as
behavioral disinhibition and memory loss but the mechanisms underlying these effects …

We investigated the effects of ethanol on reversal learning in honey bees (Apis mellifera
anatolica). The rationale behind the present experiment was to determine the species …

Background Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) learning is a highly specialized form of
conditioning found across taxa that leads to avoidance of an initially neutral stimulus, such …

Our previous work on a social insect model of ethanol-induced behavior focused on
behavioral studies of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). We now investigate the dependence of …

Free-flying honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) reactions were observed when presented with
varying schedules of post-reinforcement delays of 0 s, 300 s, or 600 s. We measured inter …

Experiments utilized three honeybee subspecies from very distinct biomes (Apis mellifera
caucasica, Am carnica, Am syriaca). In experiment one a simple association between odor …

Simple Summary Alcoholism (addiction to ethanol, a common alcohol present in our
beverages) is among the most important problems encountered in the domain of human …

In the Middle Ages, enormously popular bestiaries presented people with descriptions of
rare and unusual animals, typically paired with a moral or religious lesson. Entomologist …