Cognitive ageing research examines the cognitive abilities that are preserved and/or those
that decline with advanced age. There is great individual variability in cognitive ageing …

This systematic review aims to summarize cognitive reserve (CR) evaluation approaches
and to examine the role of seven selected modifiable lifestyle factors (diet, smoking, alcohol …

Abstract “The Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition (STAC)”, proposed in 2009, is a
conceptual model of cognitive aging that integrated evidence from structural and functional …

The Memory and Aging Project is a longitudinal, epidemiologic clinical-pathologic cohort
study of common chronic conditions of aging with an emphasis on decline in cognitive and …

The Religious Orders Study is a longitudinal clinical-pathologic cohort study of aging and
Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this manuscript, we summarize the study methods including the …

The burden of dementia continues to increase as the population ages, with no disease-
modifying treatments available. However, dementia risk appears to be decreasing, and …

Objectives: The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) is defined as a moderator, which allows
an individual to preserve cognition despite underlying brain pathology. There is no …

Prior studies have analyzed the burden of cognitive impairment, but often use potentially
biased prevalence-based methods or measure only years lived with impairment, without …

Lifelong bilingualism represents a powerful cognitive reserve delaying the onset of dementia
by approximately 4 years. As to the causal mechanism, because speaking more than one …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative cause of dementia and is
responsible for significant individual morbidity and mortality, and economic impact on the …