Abstract Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) related to Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a
worldwide health concern. Despite the majority of patients will evolve asymptomatic or mild …

Objective To determine whether maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is
associated with small for gestational age (SGA). Methods A comprehensive literature search …

Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is an enigmatic inflammatory condition of the placenta
associated with fetal growth restriction and stillbirth. Greater understanding of this condition …

Introduction Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) is the oxygen-sensitive subunit of the
transcription factor HIF-1, and its expression is increased in placentas from pregnancies …

Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an important but poorly understood condition of
pregnancy, which results in significant fetal, neonatal and long-term morbidity and mortality …

Cytokines are important regulators of pregnancy and parturition. Aberrant expression of
proinflammatory cytokines during pregnancy contributes towards preterm labor, pre …

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in pregnancy and it is associated
with adverse pregnancy-related outcomes such as gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal serum inflammatory marker changes in intrauterine
growth restriction (IUGR) pregnancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 50 healthy pregnant …

It is well documented that maternal exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) during
pregnancy causes low birth weight (LBW), but its mechanism remains unknown. This study …

Objectives HIV infection is associated with chronic systemic inflammation, with or without
antiretroviral therapy. Consequences for foetal growth are not understood, particularly in …