Uncontrollable stress has been recognized to influence the hippocampus at various levels of
analysis. Behaviorally, human and animal studies have found that stress generally impairs …

Stress can affect cognition in many ways, with the outcome (ie, facilitating or impairing)
depending on a combination of factors related to both stress and the cognitive function …

Anxiety disorders are a significant problem in the community, and recent neuroimaging
research has focused on determining the brain circuits that underlie them. Research on the …

The fact that exposure to severe stress leads to the development of psychiatric disorders
serves as the basic rationale for animal models of stress disorders. Clinical and …

We have reviewed research on the effects of stress on LTP in the hippocampus, amygdala
and prefrontal cortex (PFC) and present new findings which provide insight into how the …

Extensive research has identified stereotypic behavioral and biological abnormalities in post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as heightened autonomic activity, an exaggerated …

Freezing is widely used as the main outcome measure for fear in animal studies. Freezing is
also getting attention more frequently in human stress research, as it is considered to play …

Stress is a potent modulator of learning and memory processes. Although there have been a
few attempts in the literature to explain the diversity of effects (including facilitating …

Maternal licking and grooming (LG) in infancy influences stress responsiveness and
cognitive performance in the offspring. We examined the effects of variation in the frequency …

Fear arousal, initiated by an environmental threat, leads to activation of the stress response,
a state of alarm that promotes an array of autonomic and endocrine changes designed to aid …