Biomaterials with the ability to self-heal and recover their structural integrity offer many
advantages for applications in biomedicine. The past decade has witnessed the rapid …

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in aging-related eye diseases, including age-related
macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, and glaucoma. With age, antioxidant reparative …

The development of therapeutics for effective treatments of retinal diseases is significantly
constrained by various biological barriers. We herein report a nanomedicine strategy to …

For many retinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma,
and diabetic retinopathy (DR), the exact pathogenesis is still unclear. Moreover, the currently …

The blood retinal barrier (BRB) is a fundamental eye component, whose function is to select
the flow of molecules from the blood to the retina and vice-versa, and its integrity allows the …

Conventional photo/sonosensitizers act on foci and normal tissues with limited selectivity,
leading to severe skin and retina phototoxicity. Here we present a copper-hematoporphyrin …

The phototoxicity of photosensitizers (PSs) is a double-edged sword with one edge
beneficial for destroying tumors while the other is detrimental to normal tissues, and the …

Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells form a monolayer between the neuroretina and
choroid. It has multiple important functions, including acting as outer blood-retina barrier …

Melanin is a natural pigment that is widely distributed in many parts of the human body, such
as the skin and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in eyes. In contrast to skin melanin, which …

The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) was originally described as a master
regulator of antioxidant cellular response, but in the time since, numerous important …