A review of aerodynamics research connected to sport projectiles is presented here. The
review's focus is on work conducted in the current millennium, though deference is made to …

How can we predict the trajectory of a baseball from bat to outfield? How do the dimples in a
golf ball influence its flight from tee to pin? What forces determine the path of a soccer ball …

The appropriate determination of performance outcome is critical when appraising a
performer's technique. Previous studies of rugby place kicking technique have typically …

An American football is a rotationally symmetric object, which, when well-thrown, spins
rapidly around its symmetry axis. In the absence of aerodynamic effects, the football would …

This paper describes the effect of the seams of a rugby ball on the side force and the flight
trajectory of the punted kick. Measurement of the aerodynamic force on a non-spinning …

In the search for rugby place kicking technique literature, directly relevant articles in peer-
reviewed journals were first retrieved. However, relatively few studies have been published …

This paper presents an explanation of why a spinning football rotates so that the spin axis
remains nearly aligned with the velocity vector, and approximately parallel to the tangent to …

This paper describes the use of Pareto-optimal solutions for the screw kick in rugby. We
attempted to optimise the initial conditions for a screw kick. The optimisation was carried out …

The effects of initial conditions on the flight of an American football kicked in an end-over-
end manner were investigated using a dynamic simulation employing the quaternion …

This paper describes the aerodynamic forces on a rugby ball traveling at speeds between 5
and 15 ms− 1. This range is typical of the ball speed during passing play and a range of …