Due to increasing of the orthopedic lesions and fractures in the world and limitation of
current treatment methods, researchers, and surgeons paid attention to the new treatment …

Objective Vascularization is a critical process during bone regeneration/repair and the lack
of tissue vascularization is recognized as a major challenge in applying bone tissue …

Human freeze-dried cancellous bone combined with human chondrocyte sheets have
recently been used to construct an osteochondral-like tissue, which resembled a cartilage …

Adipose tissue yields adult adipose stem cells (ASCs) in large quantities via less-invasive
methods. These cells are of interest owing to their modulating properties and paracrine …

To enhance bone regeneration, the use of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 is an
attractive option. Unfortunately, the dose-dependent side effects prevent its widespread use …

Background. Xenograft bone substitutes can be obtained from different animals and
processed using various methods. The present in vivo study evaluated bone regeneration …

Work towards effective translational medicine has revealed that current in vitro platforms are
not sufficient to produce relevant clinical results. Advances in 3D technologies and …