While nature has optimized its antifouling strategies over millions of years, synthetic
antifouling coatings have not yet reached technological maturity. For an antifouling coating …

The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-
CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical …

Coating surfaces with thin or thick films of zwitterionic material is an effective way to reduce
or eliminate nonspecific adsorption to the solid/liquid interface. This review tracks the …

For several decades, high-density, end-tethered polymers, forming so-called polymer
brushes, have inspired scientists to understand their properties and to translate them to …

The structures and synthesis of polyzwitterions (“polybetaines”) are reviewed, emphasizing
the literature of the past decade. Particular attention is given to the general challenges …

Self‐healing antifouling materials have gained rapidly increasing interest over the past
decade and have been studied and used in a rapidly increasing range of applications …

Biofilm formation can lead to problems in healthcare, water distribution systems, food
processing and packaging, industrial manufacturing, marine industries, and sanitation …

Zwitterionic polymers have attracted research attention in recent years owing to their unique
molecular structures. In the same repeat unit, positive and negative charges are …

Zwitterionic polymers and poly (ethylene glycol)(PEG) have been reported as promising
nonfouling materials, and strong surface hydration has been proposed as a significant …

Biofouling, generally initiated by non-specific adsorption of cells, proteins and
microorganisms, is a persistent challenge in a wide range of applications, including …