Metals are essential components in all forms of life required for the function of nearly half of
all enzymes and are critically involved in virtually all fundamental biological processes …

Calcium (Ca 2+) signals play fundamental roles in immune cell function. The main sources
of Ca 2+ influx in mammalian lymphocytes following antigen receptor stimulation are Ca 2+ …

Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling pathway that is
evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. SOCE is triggered physiologically when the …

Background & aims Monogenic forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) illustrate the
essential roles of individual genes in pathways and networks safeguarding immune …

In addition to susceptibility to infections, conventional primary immunodeficiency disorders
(PIDs) and inborn errors of immunity (IEI) can cause immune dysregulation, manifesting as …

Ions are the cornerstones of various biological functions and have been widely used for
tumor therapy, called ion interference therapy (IIT). Calcium ion (Ca 2+) is one of the most …

Ion channels and transporters move ions across membrane barriers and are essential for a
host of cell functions in many organs. They conduct K+, Na+ and Cl−, which are essential for …

Upon immunogenic challenge, lymph nodes become mechanically stiff as immune cells
activate and proliferate within their encapsulated environments, and with resolution, they …

Calcium overload can lead to tumor cell death. However, because of the powerful calcium
channel excretory system within tumor cells, simplistic calcium overloads do not allow for an …

Abstract Store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) is a Ca 2+ entry mechanism activated by
depletion of intracellular Ca 2+ stores. In skeletal muscle, SOCE is mediated by an …