Background PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) has been found in the nuclei of yeast,
plant and animal cells that undergo cell division, suggesting a function in cell cycle …

The genetic material of all organisms is susceptible to modification. In some instances, these
changes are programmed, such as the formation of DNA double strand breaks during …

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was originally characterised as a DNA sliding
clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the eukaryotic …

Cells are constantly under threat from the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of DNA damaging
agents. These agents can either be exogenous or formed within cells. Environmental DNA …

Base excision repair (BER) is a frontline repair system that is responsible for maintaining
genome integrity and thus preventing premature aging, cancer and many other human …

A wide range of cytotoxic and mutagenic DNA bases are removed by different DNA
glycosylases, which initiate the base excision repair pathway. DNA glycosylases cleave the …

The DNA repair proteins XRCC1 and DNA ligase III are physically associated in human cells
and directly interact in vitro and in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that XRCC1 is additionally …

Repair of a uracil‐guanine base pair in DNA has been reconstituted with the recombinant
human proteins uracil‐DNA glycosylase, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease, DNA …

Two forms of DNA base excision‐repair (BER) have been observed: a 'short‐patch'BER
pathway involving replacement of one nucleotide and a 'long‐patch'BER pathway with gap …

DNA single-strand breaks can arise indirectly, as normal intermediates of DNA base
excision repair, or directly from damage to deoxyribose. Because single-strand breaks are …