Much of our understanding of Earth's past climate comes from the measurement of oxygen
and carbon isotope variations in deep-sea benthic foraminifera. Yet, long intervals in …

The climate during the Cenozoic era changed in several steps from ice‐free poles and warm
conditions to ice‐covered poles and cold conditions. Since the 1950s, a body of information …

The time scale for marine magnetic anomalies for the Late Cretaceous through Neogene (C-
sequence) and Middle Jurassic through Early Cretaceous (M-sequence with deep-tow …

To fully understand the global climate dynamics of the warm early Eocene with its
reoccurring hyperthermal events, an accurate high-fidelity age model is required. The …

Abstract The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) was a gradual warming event and
carbon cycle perturbation that occurred between 40.5 and 40.1 Ma. A number of …

The first major build-up of Antarctic glaciation occurred in two consecutive stages across the
Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT): the EOT-1 cooling event at~ 34.1–33.9 Ma and the Oi-1 …

After more than a century of doubt and equivocation, cyclostratigraphy–the stratigraphic
record of astronomically forced paleoclimatic change–has come to be widely accepted in the …

The geologic time scale serves as an essential instrument for reconstructing Earth history.
Astrochronology, linking regular sedimentary alternations to theoretical quasi-periodic …

Until now, the middle Eocene has remained a poorly constrained interval of efforts to
produce an astrochronological timescale for the entire Cenozoic. This has given rise to a so …

To explore cause and consequences of past climate change, very accurate age models
such as those provided by the astronomical timescale (ATS) are needed. Beyond 40 million …