Inflammation is a biological response of the immune system that can be triggered by a
variety of factors, including pathogens, damaged cells and toxic compounds. These factors …

Various internal and external factors negatively affect the homeostatic equilibrium of
organisms at the molecular to the whole-body level, inducing the so-called state of stress …

Astaxanthin is a natural lipid-soluble and red-orange carotenoid. Due to its strong
antioxidant property, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and immune modulation, astaxanthin …

Inflammation is a complex and necessary component of the response to biological,
chemical, or physical stimuli, and the cellular and molecular events that initiate and regulate …

Astaxanthin (AST) is a red pigmented carotenoid with significant antioxidant, anti-
inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, we summarize …

Oysters, the common name for a number of different bivalve molluscs, are the worldwide
aquaculture species and also play vital roles in the function of ecosystem. As invertebrate …

The acute phase response is a complex systemic early-defence system of reactions
activated by trauma, infection, tissue damage, inflammation, stress or neoplasia. One of the …

Current conventional tests of kidney damage and function in blood (serum creatinine and
urea nitrogen) and urine (urine protein creatinine ratio and urine specific gravity) are widely …

The evaluation of serum proteins and their electrophoretic pattern is a well-established
laboratory method in the diagnosis of many diseases in humans, which has replaced the …

Acute-phase reactant serum amyloid A (A-SAA) plays an important role in acute and chronic
inflammation and is used in clinical laboratories as an indicator of inflammation. Although …