The origin story and emergence of molecular biology is muddled. The early triumphs in
bacterial genetics and the complexity of animal and plant genomes complicate an intricate …

ADP-ribosylation has primarily been known as post-translational modification of proteins. As
signalling strategy conserved in all domains of life, it modulates substrate activity …

The recent discovery of non-proteinaceous ubiquitylation substrates broadened our
understanding of this modification beyond conventional protein targets. However, the …

Lytic bacteriophages hold substantial promise in medical and biotechnological applications.
Therefore a comprehensive understanding of phage infection mechanisms is crucial …

Highlights•RNA can be modified by diverse internal and terminal modifications.•Bacteria and
bacteriophage RNA polymerases can install RNA modifications.•Bacterial enzymes remove …

The critical redox cofactor NAD+ was recently reported to serve as an RNA cap in both
eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, its reversible regulation and biological functions …

Conspectus Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is composed primarily of four canonical building blocks.
In addition, more than 170 modifications contribute to its stability and function. Metabolites …

In the last decade, powerful high-throughput sequencing approaches have emerged to
analyse microbial transcriptomes at a global scale. However, to date, applications of these …

RNA modifications immensely expand the diversity of the transcriptome, thereby influencing
the function, localization, and stability of RNA. One prominent example of an RNA …

NAD+ and ADP-ribose (ADPr)-containing molecules are at the interface of virus–host
conflicts across life encompassing RNA processing, restriction, lysogeny/dormancy and …