The minimal structural unit of a solid tumor is a single cell or a cellular compartment such as
the nucleus. A closer look inside the cells reveals that there are functional compartments or …

To date, studies suggest that biological signaling by nitric oxide (NO) is primarily mediated
by cGMP, which is synthesized by NO-activated guanylyl cyclases and broken down by …

The endothelial barrier consists of intercellular contacts localized in the cleft between
endothelial cells, which is covered by the glycocalyx in a sievelike manner. Both types of …

This review focuses on structure and functions of spectrin as a major component of the
membrane skeleton. Recent advances on spectrin function as an interface for signal …

Macropinocytosis can be induced in several cell types by stimulation with growth factors. In
selected cell types, notably macrophages and dendritic cells, macropinocytosis occurs …

Proteins of the Enabled/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP) family link signal
transduction pathways to actin cytoskeleton dynamics. VASP is substrate of cAMP …

The cytoskeleton is vital to the function of virtually all cell types in the organism as it is
required for cell division, cell motility, endo-or exocytosis and the maintenance of cell shape …

Plasma prekallikrein is the liver-derived precursor of the trypsin-like serine protease plasma
kallikrein (PK) and circulates in plasma bound to high molecular weight kininogen. The …

The endothelial barrier of the vasculature is of utmost importance for separating the blood
stream from underlying tissues. This barrier is formed by tight and adherens junctions (TJ …

Spectrin is a large, cytoskeletal, and heterodimeric protein composed of modular structure of
α and β subunits, it typically contains 106 contiguous amino acid sequence motifs called …