Natural killer (NK) cells are increasingly considered as immunotherapeutic agents in
particular in the fight against cancers. NK cell therapies are potentially broadly applicable …

Immuno-oncology (IO) has been an active area of oncology research. Following US FDA
approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), ipilimumab (human IgG1 k anti-CTLA …

Oncolytic viruses are one of the most promising novel therapeutics for malignant cancers.
They selectively infect and kill cancer cells while sparing the normal counterparts, expose …

Patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have limited therapeutic options.
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)–interferon β (IFNβ)–sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is an …

Bacteriophages have emerged as versatile tools in the field of bioengineering, with
enormous potential in tissue engineering, vaccine development, and immunotherapy. The …

Many common neoplasms are still noncurative with current standards of cancer therapy.
More therapeutic modalities need to be developed to significantly prolong the lives of …

Oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been investigated to expand its
application to various malignancies. Because hematopoietic cells are resistant to HSV-1, its …

Different strategies were taken to make virotherapy more effective at killing cancer cells.
Among them, oncolytic virus which arms the therapeutic gene to enhance antitumor activity …

Viruses spread between cells, tissues, and organisms by cell-free and cell-cell
transmissions. Both mechanisms enhance disease development, but it is difficult to …

Autologous stem cell transplantation and novel therapies have improved overall survival of
patients with multiple myeloma; however, most patients relapse and eventually succumb to …