Atrophy occurs in specific muscles with inactivity (for example, during plaster cast
immobilization) or denervation (for example, in patients with spinal cord injuries). Muscle …

Skeletal muscle is a plastic organ that is maintained by multiple pathways regulating cell
and protein turnover. During muscle atrophy, proteolytic systems are activated, and …

In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), loss of cellular proteins increases the risks of
morbidity and mortality. Persistence of muscle protein catabolism in CKD results in striking …

Skeletal muscle adapts its mass as consequence of physical activity, metabolism and
hormones. Catabolic conditions or inactivity induce signaling pathways that regulate the …

Skeletal muscle health is a strong predictor of overall health and longevity. Pathologies
affecting skeletal muscle such as cancer cachexia, intensive care unit treatment, muscular …

Skeletal muscle atrophy is defined as a decrease in muscle mass and it occurs when protein
degradation exceeds protein synthesis. Potential triggers of muscle wasting are long-term …

The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main regulatory mechanism of protein
degradation in skeletal muscle. The ubiquitin-ligase enzymes (E3s) have a central role in …

Proteins are continuously affected by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Damaged
proteins influence several intracellular pathways and result in different disorders and …

Rationale: The clinical significance of diaphragm weakness in critically ill patients is evident:
it prolongs ventilator dependency, and increases morbidity and duration of hospital stay. To …

Background Heart failure (HF) is known to lead to skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction.
However, intracellular mechanisms underlying HF-induced myopathy are not fully …