Smart city programs provide a range of technologies that can be applied to solve
infrastructure problems associated with ageing infrastructure and increasing demands. The …

At present, a harmonized pan‐European electricity market (EM) is a close reality. While in
day‐ahead markets (DAMs) the harmonization is at an advanced stage, in balancing …

Driven by climate change concerns, Europe has taken significant initiatives toward the
decarbonization of its energy system. The European Commission (EC) has set targets for …

The liberalization of energy markets brought full competition to the electric power industry. In
the wholesale sector, producers and retailers submit bids to day-ahead markets, where …

The increasing volatility in electricity markets has reinforced the need for better trading
strategies by both sellers and buyers to limit the exposure to losses. Accordingly, this paper …

Over the last few decades, the electricity sector has experienced several changes, resulting
in different electricity markets (EMs) models and paradigms. In particular, liberalization has …

An open source test system is developed that permits the dynamic modeling of centrally-
managed wholesale power markets operating over high-voltage transmission grids. In …

The role of consumers as price-sensitive participants in electricity markets is considered
essential to ensure efficient and secure operations of electricity systems. Yet the uncertain or …

Electrical energy can be traded in liberalized organized markets or by negotiating private
bilateral contracts. Competitive markets are central systems where market players can …

The European Union defined ambitious targets for the production of energy from renewable
energy sources. Most European markets trade now high levels of variable renewable energy …