Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that have sloughed off the primary tumor and
extravasate into and circulate in the blood. Understanding of the metastatic cascade of CTCs …

SOX2 is a well-characterized pluripotent factor that is essential for stem cell self-renewal,
reprogramming, and homeostasis. The cellular levels of SOX2 are precisely regulated by a …

The Sry-containing protein Sox2 initially was known to regulate the self-renewal of the
mouse and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). It is also important for the maintenance of …

The Oct4 protein, encoded by the Pou5f1 gene was the very first master gene, discovered 25
years ago, to be absolutely required for the stemness properties of murine and primate …

As one of the key pluripotency transcription factors, NANOG plays a critical role in
maintaining the self‐renewal and pluripotency in normal embryonic stem cells. Recent data …

Post-translational modification by SUMO is a key regulator of cell identity. In mouse
embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), SUMO impedes reprogramming to pluripotency, while in …

The regenerative capacity of the human endometrium requires a population of local stem
cells. However, the phenotypes, locations, and origin of these cells are still unknown. In a …

SOX2 is a transcription factor involved in multiple stages of embryonic development. In
related reports, SOX2 was found to be abnormally expressed in tumor tissues and correlated …

Sox proteins are a family of lineage-associated transcription factors. They regulate
expression of genes involved in control of self-renewal and multipotency in both …

Post-translational protein modification by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) regulates a
myriad of homeostatic and stress responses. The SUMOylation pathway has been …