Blood glucose (BG) monitoring is critical for diabetes management. In recent years,
microneedle (MN)-based technology has attracted emerging attention in glucose sensing …

Interstitial fluid (ISF), a biological fluid rich in diverse biomarkers and analytes and similar to
blood composition, has garnered significant attention as a valuable source of clinically …

Flexible multifunctional composite films in which opposing surfaces have two or more
distinct physical properties are highly applicable for wearable electronic devices, electrical …

Portable optical biosensors have emerged as revolutionary tools in point-of-care
diagnostics, bringing the healthcare sector to the next level. Developing cutting-edge …

As a transdermal drug delivery method, microneedles offer minimal invasiveness,
painlessness, and precise in-situ treatment. However, current microneedles rely on passive …

Fully integrated theranostic devices are highly esteemed in clinical applications, offering
immense potential in real-time disease monitoring and personalized care. Microneedles …

Analytical chemistry applied to medical and diagnostic analysis has recently focused on the
development of cost-effective biosensors able to monitor the health status or to assess the …

Interstitial fluid (ISF) has attracted extensive attention in an extremely wide range of areas
due to its unique advantages, such as portability, high precision, comfortable operation, and …

Engineered bacteria are increasingly recognized as sustained and intelligent sources for
sensing and therapeutics due to their unique capabilities such as in situ multiplication, tissue …

Polymers have been integral to the advancement of biomedicine, owing to their exceptional
versatility and functionality. Among these, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan both natural …