Bees are important plant pollinators in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Managed
and wild bees have experienced high average annual colony losses, population declines …

Highlights•Pollination ecosystem services are shaped by floral food resource
availability.•Nutrition provides a mechanistic link between floral resource availability and …

Global temperature changes have emphasized the need to understand how species adapt
to thermal stress across their ranges. Genetic mechanisms may contribute to variation in …

Predicting the effects of climate warming on insect pollinators is challenging. Insects are
small, mobile, and can be excellent thermoregulators. We describe behavioral and …

Understanding evolutionary responses to variation in temperature and precipitation across
species ranges is of fundamental interest given ongoing climate change. The importance of …

Declines in bee populations across the world threaten food security and ecosystem function.
It is currently not possible to routinely predict which specific stressors lead to declines in …

Although indirect selection through relatives (kin selection) can explain the evolution of
effectively sterile offspring that act as helpers at the nest (eusociality) in the ants, bees, and …

The fat body is responsible for a variety of functions related to energy metabolism in
arthropods, by controlling the processes of de novo glucose production (gluconeogenesis) …

Highlights•Bumble bees face increasing physiological challenges in light of global
change.•Most progress in ecophysiological research is related to thermal biology and …

Juvenile hormone (JH) regulates developmental and physiological processes in insects. In
bumble bees, the hormone acts as a gonadotropin that mediates ovary development, but the …