Larger testes are considered the quintessential adaptation to sperm competition. However,
the strong focus on testis size in evolutionary research risks ignoring other potentially …

Traditionally, it has been assumed that sperm are a vehicle for genes and nothing more. As
such, the only source of variance in offspring phenotype via the paternal line has been …

Sperm are the most diverse of all animal cell types, and much of the diversity in sperm
design is thought to reflect adaptations to the highly variable conditions under which sperm …

Sexual selection operates through consecutive episodes of selection that ultimately
contribute to the observed variance in reproductive success between individuals …

Traumatic insemination is a mating behavior during which the (sperm) donor uses a
traumatic intromittent organ to inject an ejaculate through the epidermis of the (sperm) …

The free‐living flatworm Macrostomum lignano is used as a model in a range of research
fields—including aging, bioadhesion, stem cells, and sexual selection—culminating in the …

Background Sexual selection has initially been thought to occur exclusively at the
precopulatory stage in terms of contests among males and female mate choice, but research …

Sexual traits may be selected during multiple consecutive episodes of selection, occurring
before, during, or after copulation. The overall strength and form of selection acting on traits …

The Macrostomorpha—an early branching and species-rich clade of free-living flatworms—
is attracting interest because it contains Macrostomum lignano, a versatile model organism …

Abstract Background The African Great Lakes have long been recognized as an excellent
location to study speciation. Most famously, cichlid fishes have radiated in Lake Tanganyika …