Sandy beaches are iconic interfaces that functionally link the ocean with the land via the flow
of organic matter from the sea. These cross‐ecosystem fluxes often comprise uprooted …

Extensive development and construction in marine and coastal systems is driving a
phenomenon known as “ocean sprawl”. Ocean sprawl removes or transforms marine …

Nearshore ecosystems are increasingly recognized as critical habitats for fish of cultural,
ecological and economic significance. These ecosystems are often densely inhabited by …

Despite its widespread use, the ecological effects of shoreline armoring are poorly
synthesized and difficult to generalize across soft sediment environments and structure …

Chesapeake Bay has undergone profound changes since European settlement. Increases
in human and livestock populations, associated changes in land use, increases in nutrient …

Artificial structures such as seawalls increasingly dominate marine urban environments. As
compared to natural rocky shore habitats, seawalls are usually flat, featureless, vertical …

Public policy actions to promote the use of living shorelines have been implemented by
regional and national governmental entities in the United States and Europe. In the United …

Despite decades of work in environmental science and ecology, estimating human
influences on ecosystems remains challenging. This is partly due to complex chains of …

Human population growth and accelerating coastal development have been the drivers for
unprecedented construction of artificial structures along shorelines globally. Construction …

The distribution and abundance of the canopy-forming kelp Nereocystis luetkeana is of
increasing concern for environmental management and conservation in coastal regions due …