Artificial intelligence (AI) can acquire characteristics that are not yet known to humans
through extensive learning, enabling to handle large amounts of pathology image data …

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide and remains
one of the leading causes of death among women. Its incidence and mortality rates are …

Simple Summary Risk assessment in early breast cancer is critical for clinical decisions, but
defining risk categories poses a significant challenge. The integration of conventional …

Tumour microenvironment (TME) of breast cancer mainly comprises malignant, stromal,
immune, and tumour infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs). Assessment of TILs is crucial for …

Introduction Histological images contain phenotypic information predictive of patient
outcomes. Due to the heavy workload of pathologists, the time-consuming nature of …

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, and its diagnosis requires the
accurate identification and classification of histological features for effective patient …

Breast cancer categorized into hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-positive (HER2+),
and triple-negative (TNBC) subtypes, exhibits varied outcomes based on the number of …

Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a fundamental characteristic of breast cancer (BC),
influencing tumor progression, prognosis, and therapeutic responses. However, the …

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the tumor microenvironment have become
increasingly important in cancer research, and immunotherapy has achieved major …

Background Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), essential for the anti-tumor response, are
now recognized as promising and cost-effective biomarkers with both prognostic and …