Abstract Purpose of Review The changes or updates in ocean biogeochemistry component
have been mapped between CMIP5 and CMIP6 model versions, and an assessment made …

This paper describes the GISS‐E2. 1 contribution to the Coupled Model Intercomparison
Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6). This model version differs from the predecessor model (GISS‐E2) …

Climate change may impact ocean ecosystems through a number of mechanisms, including
shifts in primary productivity or plankton community structure, ocean acidification, and …

Simulations of the CMIP6 historical period 1850–2014, characterized by the emergence of
anthropogenic climate drivers like greenhouse gases, are presented for different …

This paper presents the response to anthropogenic forcing in the GISS‐E2. 1 climate models
for the 21st century Shared Socioeconomic Pathways emission scenarios within the …

Trawling the seafloor can disturb carbon that took millennia to accumulate, but the fate of
that carbon and its impact on climate and ecosystems remains unknown. Using satellite …

Estimating the impacts of climate change on the global carbon cycle relies on projections
from Earth system models (ESMs). While ESMs currently project large warming in the high …

The oceans play a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle, providing a sink for
atmospheric carbon. Key to this role is the vertical transport of organic carbon from the …

Climate change will affect both the mean state and seasonality of marine physical and
biogeochemical properties, with important implications for the oceanic sink of atmospheric …

Marine oxygen plays a fundamental role in regulating the transfer of organic carbon and
nutrients to their dissolved inorganic forms, serving as the terminal electron acceptor for …