For many years, nanomedicine is pushing the boundaries of drug delivery. When applying
these novel therapeutics, safety considerations are not only a key concern when entering …

One of the challenges that restricts the evolving extracellular vesicle (EV) research field is
the lack of a consensus method for EV separation. This may also explain the diversity of the …

Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles (30–160 nm diameter) with lipid bilayer
membrane secrete by various cells that mediate the communication between cells and …

Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer, and the leading cause of cancer-
related deaths, among females world-wide. Recent research suggests that extracellular …

Background Recent studies indicated that exosomal programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)
derived from cancers could induce immunosuppression and tumor pathogenesis. However …

There is growing demand for novel biomarkers that detect early stage disease as well as
monitor clinical management and therapeutic strategies. Exosome analysis could provide …

The clinical presentation of renal cell cancer (RCC) is shifting towards incidental and early
detection, creating new challenges in RCC diagnosis. Overtreatment might be reduced with …

Abstract Heme Oxygen-1 (HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs)
are effective to protect and repair transplanted small bowel and intestinal epithelial cells …

Nanoparticles are promising for drug delivery applications, with several clinically approved
products. However, attaining high nanoparticle accumulation in solid tumours remains …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by healthy and tumor cells and are involved in cell–
cell communication. Tumor-released EVs could represent a new class of biomarkers from …